Over Dimensional Freight
What Constitutes Over Dimensional Freight?
Over Dimensional Freight, also known as over dimensional cargo (ODC), over dimensional load (od load), or oversized freight, encompasses goods that surpass the standard dimensions of typical cargo. These shipments can be exceptionally heavy, large, or irregularly shaped, categorizing them as a distinct entity within the logistics landscape. From colossal machinery and construction equipment to wind turbine blades and industrial components, over dimensional cargo spans a broad spectrum of industries and products.
The guidelines for an oversized load can vary by state, but the general criteria are as follows:
- Width: The maximum width for over dimensional freight or wide load typically ranges from 8.5 to 10 feet (2.6 to 3.0 meters). Some states may permit wider loads with a special permit.
- Height: Overhead clearances on roads and bridges usually limit the maximum height of over dimensional freight to about 13.5 to 14.5 feet (4.1 to 4.4 meters). Loads exceeding this height may necessitate route planning to avoid low-clearance obstacles.
- Length: The maximum length for over dimensional freight can vary significantly, ranging from 48 to 53 feet (14.6 to 16.2 meters) for a single trailer. However, some states allow "stretch" trailers or configurations that can extend the length further.
- Weight: Weight restrictions are a critical consideration for overweight freight. The maximum allowable weight can vary widely, depending on axle configurations and the type of roads traveled.
- Permits: Over dimensional shipments typically require permits issued by state or local authorities. These permits outline the allowable dimensions and routes for the shipment. The type of permit required (e.g., annual, trip, or superload) varies by jurisdiction.
- Escort Vehicles: Many states mandate escort vehicles or a pilot car to accompany over dimensional shipments. These escort vehicles contribute to ensuring the safety of the cargo and other road users by providing warnings and assisting with traffic control.
